Hanna-Barbera
Productions, Inc was an American animation studio that dominated animated TV in
America for nearly four decades from the mid-to-late 20th century.
Although
it sounds like it was founded by a woman, it was actually two men: William
Hanna and Joseph Barbera.
Hanna
and Barbera were former MGM animation directors and formed Hanna-Barbera
Productions in 1957.
They
are the creators of Tom and Jerry and also produced characters such as The
Flintstones, Yogi Bear, Scooby-Doo and The Smurfs.
During
their dominated of American television they earned 8 Emmy awards, a Golden
Globe and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
When
smaller TV budgets appeared the quality of their animations began to
decline.
When
the duo was at MGM they were being funded $35,000 for 7 minutes of Tom and
Jerry. But most of the TV networks were only paying $3,000 for 5 minutes of
cartoon. At lower than a tenth of the budget the quality of the animations was
very poor and adopted a limited animation style was brought forward with simple
frame doubling and also the usage of simplified backgrounds and recycled
animate sequences throughout episodes.
Walter Elias Disney (1901-1966) was an American business magnate,
animator, cartoonist, producer, director, screenwriter, entrepreneur and voice
actor and the founder of The Walt Disney Company.
Before Walt Disney became
famous for making family friendly movies, he made adverts for a living.
Even thought it wasn’t his
first animation, Walt Disney is probably most famous for his 1928 animation
Steamboat Willie. It was a black and white film and was the first animation
featuring Mickey Mouse. It was the first successful animated film and one of
the first films to have synchronized sound.
After
Steamboat Willie, Disney produced Silly Symphonies, they were a series of
animated short subjects and they were produced by Walt Disney Productions. In
total there were 75 Silly Symphonies and they were made between 1929 – 1939.
The
Old Mill (1937) was a part of the Silly Symphonies. The Old Mill won the
1937 Academy Award for Best Short Subjects: Cartoons. This animation was first
of its kind to use a Multiplane Camera. This was a special camera that was used
to create depth into a scene, with was meant to give it the illusion that it
was 3D. To create this, multiple players drawn on sheets of glass and it was
filmed from the top so it was looking down on the sheets of glass.

In 1937 color was being added to film. One of Disney’s
first colored animations was Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. This was the
first full length animated feature film to be released in color. In addition to
it being the first color animated film it was also the first film to use
Rotoscoping; this is the process of capturing the motion. In Snow White and the
Seven Dwarfs they used an actress dressed in a costume, filmed her doing the
movement Snow White was going to do and then traced over the film in which she
was moving so it could be animated. So this is why Snow White’s movements are a
lot more fluid than the animals movements in the film.
The 1940’s film Fantasia,
was another one of Walt Disney’s. this film was the first film to have
stereophonic sound also known as Fantasound. Because the music in this film is
very dramatic and orchestral Disney wanted to make it sound like a real
orchestra was playing in the movie theatre.
Even though lots of films
had been made since the release of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and Fantasia
using the drawing technique. 2009 was the last time it was ever used for the
film The Princess and the Frog. Since then mainly CGI has been used ever since
the release of Toy Story in 1995.
Warner Bros.
Entertainment Inc. is an American film producer, television and also music. It
was founded in 1923 by four brothers: Albert, Harry, Sam and Jack Warner.
Warner Bros. Cartoons, Inc.
was an in-house dvision of Warner Bros. Pictures during the Golden Age of
American Animation. It is one of the most famous animation studios in American
media history and it was responsible for the creation of the Looney Tunes and
Merrie Melodies. Some of the characters created include Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck,
Speedy Gonzales, Wile E. Coyote and The Road Runner.
It was founded in 1933 by American film producer,
Leon Schlesinger Studios which later became Warner Bros. Cartoons during the
Golden Age of American Animation, and was an independent company which produced
the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies animations for release by Warner Bros.
Pictures. In 1944 Leon Schlesinger sold the studio to Warner Bros. who carried
on operating it as Warner Bros. Cartoons, Inc. until 1963.